Music Theory: Lesson 11
Basic Extensions on a Tonic Chord
By Zack Cart
Prerequisites:
You
should be able to understand and perform the concepts and techniques outlined
in the following lessons before attempting this lesson:
Music Theory: Lessons 1-10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In
the previous lessons we have learned to create triads and seventh chords by
stacking thirds within a diatonic scale. In this lesson, we will take things
one step further by learning to add notes beyond the seventh, notes which we
will call "Extensions."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
While
the differences between the four types of triads, and between their expanded
forms as seventh chords may be both intensely distinct and flavorful, the
possibilities made available by adding extensions to a chord take these
differences to a vast new planes of variety and subtlety.
We
will focus on only one chord type today, although there are many, and use it as
an example to understand the basic processes by which we can add extensions to
chords.
Using
a major scale as our basis, we will build our example chord based on the first
note, or "tonic" of the scale. Let's take Eb major, consisting of Eb,
F, G, Ab, Bb, C, and D. Eb will obviously be the tonic note. Building a seventh
chord from there, we get Eb, G, Bb, and D, Root, Major Third, Perfect Fifth,
and Major seventh, which forms a major seventh chord.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Each
of the notes above the root in a seventh chord is found by stacking a diatonic
(within the scale) third on the note below it, as we have learned previously.
Thus, the Third is a third above the Root. The Fifth is a third above the
Third. The Seventh is a third above the Fifth.
To
add extensions, we merely continue to add thirds above these notes.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If
we add the first extension, we add a third above the seventh, and arrive at F.
F is a major second above Eb, the root. However, because we have, theoretically
gone UP from the seventh to reach this F, we consider it a Major Ninth, wich we
learned about in the previous lesson. The chord resulting from adding this
major ninth to a major 7 chord can be called a Maj7(9) or a Maj9 chord. Either
is acceptable and implies the same harmony.
Try
this chord out on your keyboard. Adding the ninth to the Maj7 chord creates a
more complex flavor, and adds a dreamier, less defined texture to the harmony,
while sounding very consonant and acceptable.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If
we continue on and add the next extension, by adding a third to the Major ninth
extension, we arrive at Ab. This note is a Perfect Eleventh. Go ahead and try
playing this note, Ab, above the Eb maj7 chord. You may find it to be a bit
less easily palatable than the maj9 chord we just heard. This is, partly for
culturally learned reasons stemming from harmonic movement in Western music,
but also because of a more physical dissonance. If you play only the third and
the eleventh together, you can hear the dissonance isolated. Because of this
dissonance, the Perfect Eleventh is not considered to be an acceptable
extension on major type chords, and is often called and "Avoid Note."
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The
next extension, acheived by adding yet another third to the chord, on top of
the eleventh, is C, or a major thirteenth. This note creates a similar
atmosphere to the Major ninth, but is slightly warmer and more resolved
sounding. The difference is subtle, but experiment between chords with just a
ninth, and those with just a thirteenth, and you will likely become accustomed
to the distinction.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If
we add another third, we will end up back at Eb, the root, and the cycle will
repeat, so we have effectively discovered all the extensions available on a
tonic-based maj7 chord, namely, the major ninth and major thirteenth, the
perfect eleventh being unused due to its dissonance.
Of
course, the mere fact that the eleventh is not generally used and is considered
dissonant is no reason why you cannot experiment with it and find ways to make
it useful!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The pattern of adding thirds to chords to extend them further will work for any major-minor scale based chord, although various chords exclude various notes to avoid intense dissonance. We will work through more harmonies later, but this first example should serve to at least give you a basic understanding of chrod extensions.
This lesson has been brought to you by:
WWW.CANTONVILLAGEME.COM
Canton Village
Chinese Restaurant
Established 1985
Dine-In, Take Out, Bar
428 Water Street
Gardiner, Maine 04345
Tel: (207) 582-1396
or (207) 582-1421
Fax (207) 582-6786
In Case of Power Outage Only
Please Call (646) 269-6414
Business Hours
Sunday 11 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Monday – Thursday 11 a.m. to 9 p.m.
Friday & Saturday 11 a.m. to 10 p.m.
All you can Eat buffet!!
( We do not Accept Checks)
We accept: Visa Mastercard Discover!
Reservations Available
10% Senior Citizen Discount
Dine in Only
Excluding Children Plates
We Use 100% Vegetable Oil in Cooking
Most of our dishes are prepared without
MSG. However, a small number of
Items do contain small amounts of MSG
Not Responsible for Lost Articles
* Indicates Hot & Spicy
Pu Pu Platter- for 1 & 2 or 3
Beef Teriyaki, Boneless Ribs, Chicken Teriyaki,
Egg Rolls, Chicken Fingers, Chicken Wings and Crab Rangoon
Served for One $15.25
Served for Two $25.95
Served for Three $32.95
Specials: Get 50% OFF large fried rice of your choice with purchase of Pu Pu two OR three not including Young Chow Fried Rice Substitutions (Including Fried Shrimp)
Pu Pu Platter 1& 2 Substitutions: $1.00 Each
Pu Pu Platter 3 Substitutions: $2.00 Each
Pu Pu Platter for 1 without Fried Rice - $14.75
Pu Pu Platter for 2 without Fried Rice - $24.95
Pu Pu Platter for Three without Fried Rice - $32.95
Egg Rolls------------------(1)---$
Spring Rolls---------------(1)--$2.95---(2)---$5.75
Fried Wontons-------Large--$5.50
Fried Dough-----------(10)--$4.50—(
Chicken Fingers----(7)--Small $8.25---(13)--Large $12.25
Chicken Teriyaki---------(3)--$8.25---
Beef Teriyaki-------------(3)--$8.95---(6)---$14.25
Fried Jumbo Shrimps---(3)--$7.50---(6)---$10.75
Boneless Ribs-------Large $12.95
Chicken Wings -----(4)----$9.95-----(8)
Buffalo Chicken Wings-Small-$11.95-Large-$18.95
Honey Barbecue Chicken Wings Small-
Scallion Pancake-------Large $7.95
Fried Baby Shrimps----------------------$8.95
Chicken Nugget------------------------
Onion Ring ------------------------------
French Fries-------------------------
Mini Crispy Roll (10) -----------------------$7.50
Wonton Chip ------$5.50
APPETIZER COMBINATIONS
Appetizers (each substitution Extra $100)
1. Egg Roll, Beef Teriyaki, Chicken Fingers
2. Egg Roll, Chicken Wings, Fried Shrimp
SOUP
Wonton Soup-------------Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Egg Drop Soup-----------Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
* Hot and Sour Soup----Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Noodle Soup w/Chicken------Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Noodle Soup w/Pork----Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Noodle Soup w/Wontons---Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Chinese Vegetable Soup---Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
FRIED RICE
Meatless Fried Rice--Small-$7.75--Large-$9.25
Vegetable Fried Rice--Small-$8.25--Large-$9.95
Mushroom Fried Rice-------Small-$8.25--Large-
Pork Fried Rice-------Small-$8.25--Large-
Chicken Fried Rice---Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Beef Fried Rice-------Small-$8.95--Large-
Shrimp Fried Rice---Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Ham Fried Rice------Small-$8.95--Large-$
Subgum Pork Fried Rice------Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Subgum Chicken Fried Rice----Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Subgum Beef Fried Rice-----Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Subgum Shrimp Fried Rice----Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
House Special Fried Rice---Small-$9.50--Large-$10.50
Young Chow Fried Rice-----Small-$9.95--Large$11.95
(Fried White Rice with Egg, Pork, Ham & Shrimp.)
*Szechuan Spicy Fried Rice-Small-$9.50—Large $10.95
CANTONS PARTY PLATTER $89.95
80 Piece Hors d'oevres includes:
FREE LG Pork Fried Rice
FREE (20) Fried Dough
FREE LG Wonton Chip
6 Beef Teriyaki
6 Chicken Teriyaki
10 Small Egg Rolls
6 Pork Dumplings (Fried or Steamed)
13 Crab Rangoon
13 Chicken Fingers
8 Chicken Wings
(Cannot be comined w. any other coupons)
Fried or Steamed Dumpling
Pork Dumpling------$8.55
Vegetable Dumpling----$8.55
Chicken Dumpling-----$8.55
LO MEIN
Lo Mein------Small--$9.50--Large-
(Chicken, Pork, Vege or Ham)
Lo Mein------Small--$9.95--Large-
(Beef or Shrimp)
House Special Lo Mein----Small--$9.95--Large-$12.95
Pan Soft Noodle--Small--$7.95--Large-$
*Szechuan Spicy Lo Mein-Small-$9.95-Large-$12.95
Plain Lo Mein------Small--$7.95--Large-
PORK
Pork with Vegetables-------$11.25
Szechuan Pork-------$11.95
Lobster Sauce------------------
Chicken or Beef
Pepper Steak-------------------------
Beef with Broccoli----------------------
Beef with Mushrooms-------------------$
Beef with Pea Pods----------------------$14.25
Beef with Vegetable---------------------
Beef with Cashews----------------------$14.25
*Curry Beef with Onion---------------$14.25
*Curry Chicken with Onion---------------$14.25
* Chicken with Peking Sauce-------------$14.25
* Szechuan Chicken------------------------$14.25
Moo Goo Gai Pan---------------------------
Chicken with Vegetable---------------------
Chicken with Mushrooms---------------------
Chicken with Broccoli---------------------
MEI FUN
(Thin Rice Noodle)
Vegetable Mei Fun----Small--$9.95---Large--
Chicken Mei fun-----Small--$9.95---Large--$11.95
Pork Mei Fun-----Small--$9.95—Large-$11.95
Shrimp Mei Fun----Small---$10.50----Large-
Beef Mei Fun---Small---$10.50---Large---
House Mei Fun---Small---$10.50---Large---
Singapore Mei Fun with Curry
(Chicken, Pork, Shrimp)---Small---$10.50----
CHOW
(Flat Rice Noodle)
Vegetable or Chicken or Pork or Ham-----$12.50
Beef or Shrimp or House Special------$13.50
HOUSE SPECIALTIES
Small or Large Order are Served
(With White Rice or Pork Fried Rice)
(No rice with H2, H6, H18, H19)
H 1. LOBSTER SHRIMP KEW
Lobster Meat and Shrimp Sauteed
Expertly with Chinese Vegetables.
$20.95
H 2. GAI POO LO MEIN
Chunks of Chicken Fried in Batter,
Blended with Slices of Beef, Ham,
Shrimp and Chinese Vegetables,
Served on a Platter of Lo Mein.
$20.95
H 3. BLACK PEPPER CHICKEN
Strips of Chicken Grill with Onion,
Green Pepper.
$16.50
H 4. DIAMOND HEAD
Lobster, Shrimp, Pork, and Chicken
Sauteed with Peapods, Mushrooms,
Water Chestnuts and
Chinese Vegetables
$20.95
H 5. FOUR HAPPINESS
Roast Pork, Beef, Shrimp,
Chicken Meat sauteed with
Chinese Vegetables.
$20.95
H 7. TREASURE ISLAND
Beef, Jumbo Shrimp, Pork,
Mushrooms, Water Chestnuts,
and Chinese Vegetables sauteed with
Golden Chicken Fingers.
$20.95
H 8. SEAFOOD ISLANDER
Jumbo Shrimp, Lobster and
Scallops sauteed with
Chinese Vegetables and Our
Special House Sauce.
$20.95
H 9. HO YO GAI POO
Golden fried Chicken Fingers
Served with Lobster, Ham,
Beef, Chinese Vegetables and
Oyster Sauce.
$20.95
H 10. * GENERAL CHICKEN
Chicken sautéed with Green Peppers,
Onions and our Chef’s Special Sauce.
Small $13.95
Large $17.50
H 11. SESAME CHICKEN
Chicken and Sesame served with
Our Homemade Sauce.
Small $13.95
Large $17.50
H 12. * ORANGE CHICKEN
Morsels of Tender Chicken,
Sautéed with Orange Peel to
Import a Subtle Taste.
Small $13.95
Large $17.50
H 13. MONGOLIAN BEEF
Beef, Green Peppers, Peapods,
Onions and Mushrooms in a
Special Mongolian Sauce.
Small $14.50
Large $17.95
H 14. MONGOLIAN BEEF AND CHICKEN
Beef, Chicken, Green Peppers,
Peapods, onions and Mushrooms
in a Special Mongolian Sauce.
Small $14.50
Large $17.95
H 15. MONGOLIAN CHICKEN
Chicken, Green Peppers, Peapods,
Onions, Mushrooms in a Special
Mongolian Sauce.
Small $13.95
Large 17.50
H 18. SEAFOOD LO MEIN
Lobster, Scallops, Jumbo Shrimp
and Chinese Vegetables served
on a bed of Pan Soft Noodles.
$20.95
H 19. BALI ISLAND
Beef and Jumbo Scallops
Sautéed with Peapod,
Water Chestnuts,
Mushrooms and
Chinese Vegetables
Served on a bed of
Soft Noodles.
$20.95
H20. SESAME BEEF
Crispy Slice Beef with
Sesame Sauce
Small---$14.50
Large---$17.95
EGG FOO YOUNG (With white rice.)
Meatless Egg Foo Young----------------------$9.75
Pork Egg Foo Young-------------------------
Beef Egg Foo Young-------------------------
Chicken Egg Foo Young-----------------------$
Shrimp Egg Foo Young------------------------$
Ham Egg Foo Young-------------------------
Mushroom Egg Foo Young--------------------$10.75
Vegetable Egg Foo Young----------------------$10.75
House Special Egg Foo Young----------------$11.25
SWEET AND SOUR
(With white rice.)
Sweet and Sour Pork--------------------------
Sweet and Sour Chicken----------------------$
Sweet and Sour Shrimp-----------------------$
Sweet and Sour Combination---------------$13.95
SEAFOOD
Shrimp with Lobster Sauce----------------$14.25
Shrimp with Mushrooms-------------------$14.25
Shrimp with Broccoli----------------------
Shrimp with Peapods-----------------------
Shrimp with Vegetables--------------------
*Shrimp with Garlic Sauce------------------$14.25
Baby Shrimp with Cashews-----------------$14.25
*Szechuan Baby Shrimp---------------------$14.25
*Shrimp with Peking Sauce-----------------$14.25
VEGETABLE
Mixed Vegetable------------------$10.95
Snow Peapods with Broccoli--$10.95
*Broccoli with Garlic Sauce--$10.95
*Bean Curd Szechuan Style--$12.25
Family Style Bean Curd------$12.25
Deep Fried Slice Bean Curd with Pork
and Mix Vegetable
*General Tso's Bean Curd--$12.25
LO MEIN COMBINATION PLATES-ALL DAY
Appetizers (each substitution Extra $1.00)
L 1. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Chicken Fingers $10.25
L 2. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Chicken Wings $10.25
L
3. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Egg
Roll
L 4. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Beef Teriyaki $10.95
L 5. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Fried Shrimp $10.25
L 6. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Boneless Ribs
$10.25
L
7. Shrimp Lo Mein, Egg
Roll
L 8. Beef Lo Mein, Crab Rangoons
L 9. Mushroom Lo Mein, Chicken Wings
L 10. Chicken Lo Mein, Egg Roll
L 11. House Lo Mein, Crab Rangoons
L 12. Ham Lo Mein, Chicken Fingers
CHILDREN’S PLATES
E
1. Egg Roll, Fried Rice or French
Fries
$6.95
E 2. Chicken Fingers, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
E 4. Beef Teriyaki, Fried Rice or French Fries $7.95
E 5. Chicken Teriyaki, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.50
E 7. Chicken Nugget, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
E 8. Crab Rangoons, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
E 9. Onion Ring, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
CHOW
MEIN
OR
CHOP SUEY
(Served with Noodles) (Served with
Steamed Rice.)
Meatless Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$8.55----Large---
Pork Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Beef Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Chicken Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Shrimp Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$
Vegetable Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Chicago Pork Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Chicago Beef Chow Mein or Chop Suey Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Chicago Shrimp Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Chicago Chicken Chow Mein or Chop Suey Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Subgum Pork Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Subgum Beef Chow Mein or Chop Suey
Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Subgum Chicken Chow Mein or Chop Suey Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Subgum Shrimp Chow Mein or Chop Suey Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
LUNCH SPECIALS-Served All Day with Pork Fried Rice
APPETIZERS (Each Substitution Extra $1.00)
1. Pork Chow Mein, Egg Roll-------------$9.95
2. Subgum Pork Chow Mein, Egg Roll--$9.95
3. Pork Egg Foo Young, Chicken Wings-$10.95
4. Beef Chop Suey, Chicken Wings-------$10.95
5. Pork with Mushrooms,
Chicken Fingers-----------------------
6.Peppers Steak, with Onion Chicken Wings-$10.95
7. Lobster Sauce, Egg Roll------------------$9.95
8. Sweet & Sour Pork, Chicken Wings-----$10.95
9. Sweet & Sour Chicken, Egg Roll---------$10.95
10. Pork Chow Mein, Chicken Fingers------$9.95
11. Beef Teriyaki, Chicken Fingers----------$10.95
12. Fried Shrimp, Chicken Wings------------$10.95
13. Chicken Chow Mein, Egg Roll------------$9.95
14. Chicken Chow Mein, Chicken Fingers---$9.95
15. Chicken Chow Mein, Fried Shrimp-------$9.95
16. Pork Chop Suey, Beef Teriyaki------------$
17. Shrimp Chop Suey, Egg Roll--------------$10.95
18. Beef with Mushroom, Egg Roll-----------$10.95
19. Moo Goo Gai Pan, Egg Roll---------------$10.95
20.Shrimp w/ Lobster Sauce, Crab Rangoon-$10.95
21. *Szechuan Pork, Chicken Teriyaki-------$10.95
22. *Szechuan Chicken, Egg Roll--------------$10.95
23. *Szechuan Beef, Egg Roll------------------$10.95
24. *Szechuan Shrimp, Crab Rangoon--------$10.95
25.*Pork w/ Peking Sauce, Chicken Teriyaki-$10.95
26.*Chicken w/Peking Sauce, Crab Rangoon-$10.95
27. *Beef with Peking Sauce, Egg Roll--------$10.95
28. *Shrimp with Peking Sauce, Egg Roll----$10.95
29.*Pork with Garlic Sauce, Chicken Fingers-$10.95
30.*Chicken w/ Garlic Sauce, Boneless Ribs-$10.95
31. *Beef w/ Garlic Sauce, Crab Rangoons----$10.95
32.*Shrimp with Garlic Sauce, Egg Roll-------$10.95
33. Chicken with Broccoli, Egg Roll-----------$10.95
34.*General Tso’s Chicken or Sesame Chicken$9.25
(Sesame Chicken is not Hot and Spicy.)
35. Beef with Broccoli, Egg Roll----------------$10.95
36. Crab Rangoons, Chicken Finger-----------$10.95
37. Chicken w/ Cashew Nuts, Crab Rangoons-$10.95
38. *General Tso’s Bean Curd--------------------$9.25
HEALTH FOOD with White Rice
Steamed Mixed Vegetable---------------------
Steamed Chicken w/ Vegetables or Broccoli--$11.95
Steamed Shrimp w/ Vegetables or Broccoli--$12.95
COMBINATION DINNERS
Served all day with Pork Fried Rice
Appetizers (substitution Extra /$1.00)
D1.
Egg Roll, Chicken Wing, Beef
Teriyaki
$12.75
D2. Egg Roll, Chicken Fingers, Beef Teriyaki $12.75
D3. Egg Roll, Boneless Ribs, Chicken Wings $12.75
D4. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Wings, Beef Teriyaki $12.75
D5. Boneless Ribs, Fried Shrimp,
Chicken
Wings $12.75
D6. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Fingers,
Beef
Teriyaki $12.75
D7. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Fingers,
Chicken Wings $12.75
D8. Sweet & Sour Pork, Boneless Ribs,
Egg
Roll
$12.75
D9. Sweet & Sour Chicken, Egg Roll
Chicken
Wings $12.75
D10.
Sesame Chicken, Egg
Roll
D11. *General Tso’s Chicken, Chicken Wings
$
D12. *Orange Chicken, Crab Rangoon
$11.95
D13. Mongolian Chicken, Chicken Fingers
$11.95
D14. Mongolian Beef, Crab Rangoons
D15. Mongolian Beef and Chicken, Egg Roll
$11.95
D16. Chicken with Broccoli, Egg Roll,
Crab
Rangoon $13.25
D17.
Boneless Ribs, Egg Roll, Chicken
Teriyaki
$12.75
D18. Egg Roll, Wings, Chicken Fingers,
Boneless Ribs, Chicken
Teriyaki
$12.75
D19. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Teriyaki
D20. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Wings
D21. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Fingers
D22. Beef with Broccoli, Egg Roll, Chicken
Fingers $13.25
D23. Chicken with Peapods, Egg Roll,
Chicken Fingers
$13.25
D24. Moo Goo Gai Pan, Chicken Teriyaki,
Egg
Roll
$
D25. Pork or Chicken Chow Mein, Egg Roll
Crab
Rangoon $13.25
D26. Chicken or Pork Lo Mein, Crab Rangoon
D27. Shrimp or Beef Lo Mein, Chicken
Finger
$11.95
D28. Pork or Chicken Egg Foo Young,
Egg Roll, Chicken
Finger $13.25
SIDE ORDERS
Duck
Sauce-Small
75 cents-Medium--$1.50-Large-$3.
Sweet and Sour Sauce Small
75 cents-Medium--$1.50-Large-$3.
White Rice—Small $3.75----------------------
Gravy-------------------------
Dry Noodle------------------------
Dumpling Sauce-------------------------------------75 cents