Music Theory: Lesson 15
The Movements of the Chords II
By Zack Cart
Prerequisites:
You should be able to understand and perform the concepts and techniques outlined in the following lessons before attempting this lesson:
Music Theory: Lessons 1-14
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The last lesson discussed how chords move most stereotypically, by falling fifths or ascending fourths, and also the freedom of the Imaj7(9,13) chord, and its simpler versions, to move wherever it may, within the key. This lesson will explore a second way in which one chord may progress to the next.
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The descending fifth movement of chords is a relatively dramatic one. Two fo the most important of the notes of the chord will change, and we get a strong, very clear effect of foreword motion, as our ear hears all the changing notes. Let us look, for example, at the move from a Gdom7 (V of C major) to Major (the I chord). The Gdom7 contains the notes G, B, D, and F, while the Cmaj7 chord contains the notes C, E, G, and B. You will note that two notes are in common, the G and the B.
However, D and F are only found in the basic chord tones of the Gdom7, and F is even an avoid note in Cmaj7. A similar effect can be seen with the new notes, C and E. neither is among the basic notes of Gdom7, and the C is the avoid note. Clearly, the harmonies are quite different, even if they have some commonalities, and the move from G to C will be quite clearly heard.
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The method we will look at in this lesson has the opposite effect. Instead of a clear, forward motion and shift of chord, we will get a subtle, possibly unnoticed chord change. The method will be similar, but this time we will move by diatonic third, either ascending or descending.
If we take an example, we can clearly see why this chord progression is so subtle to the ear. For example, if in the Key of C Major, we begin on the I chord, Cmaj7, we can move by third either to the III chord, Emin7, or to the VI chord, Amin7.
Let’s start with the first example. Cmaj7 contains C, E, G, and B, and Emin7 contains E, G, B, and D. Between both chords, E, G, and B are common. The C of Cmaj7 becomes an avoid note in Emaj7, but D, the only remaining note of Emin7 is an acceptable extension of Cmaj7. The two harmonies are thus very similar.
If we loko at the second example, we find an even closer relationship. Cmaj7 is made of C, E, G, and B, while Amin7 is made of A, C, E, and G. Here, again, three notes are held in common, C, E, and G. The remaining note from Cmaj7, B, is the major ninth extension of Amin7. The A of Amin7 is the Major thirteenth extension of Cmajor7.
With this I chord to VI chord move, we actually find a huge level of similarity. Fully extended, Cmaj7(9,13) contains the notes C, E, G, B, D, and A. Amin7(9,13) contains A, C, E, G, B, and D. Both chords have F as an avoid note. When we look at it this way, we realize that they are almost the same chord, just with different emphasis given to different notes.
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So, the process is simple, any chord may move either up by a diatonic third, or down by a diatonic third, and the move will be heard as subtle and acceptable. The degree of smoothness or subtlety in the chord change will vary from case to case, but all moves are acceptable, with one exception.
For the time being, the fifth chord will be the only chord which is not allowed to move by third. It will continue to be restricted to moves by a fifth down or fourth up, a described in the previous lesson. Eventually, we will talk more about other chords to follow the V chord, but for now, we will respect its strong and traditional move back to I.
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So, here are the ways in which chords may move by a third.
Imaj7(9,13) may move to IIImin7(11) or to VImin7(9,11)
IImin7(9,11,13) may move to IVmaj7(9,#11,13) or to VIImin7(b5,11,b13)
IIImin7(11) may move to Vdom7(9,13) or to Imaj7(9,13)
IVmaj7(9,#11,13) may move to VImin7(9,11) or to IImin7(9,11,13)
Vdom7(9,13) may not, for the time being, move by third
VImin7(9,11) may move to Imaj7(9,13) or to IVmaj7(9,#11,13)
VIImin7(b5,11,b13) may move to IImin7(9,11,13) or to Vdom7(9,13)
Combined with the fourth/fifth moves from the previous lesson this gives you quite a but of freedom to move from chord to chord.
As you create new chord progression with your new technique, try to utilize both the moves by diatonic third and by diatonic fifth.
Remember that the I chord may move to any of the other six chords freely.
Keep in mind that the starting and ending chord of each progression must be the I chord of the key.
Remember that the V chord can move only to the I chord.
Also, for the time being, ensure that the second to last chord of every progression is the V chord. This is the strongest, most traditional way to end a chord preogression, although we will explore other endings later on.
This lesson has been brought to you by:
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Egg Rolls------------------(1)---$
Spring Rolls---------------(1)--$2.95---(2)---$5.75
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Chicken Fingers----(7)--Small $8.25---(13)--Large $12.25
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Beef Teriyaki-------------(3)--$8.95---(6)---$14.25
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Honey Barbecue Chicken Wings Small-
Scallion Pancake-------Large $7.95
Fried Baby Shrimps----------------------$8.95
Chicken Nugget------------------------
Onion Ring ------------------------------
French Fries-------------------------
Mini Crispy Roll (10) -----------------------$7.50
Wonton Chip ------$5.50
APPETIZER COMBINATIONS
Appetizers (each substitution Extra $100)
1. Egg Roll, Beef Teriyaki, Chicken Fingers
2. Egg Roll, Chicken Wings, Fried Shrimp
SOUP
Wonton Soup-------------Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Egg Drop Soup-----------Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
* Hot and Sour Soup----Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Noodle Soup w/Chicken------Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Noodle Soup w/Pork----Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Noodle Soup w/Wontons---Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
Chinese Vegetable Soup---Small--$4.25---Large--$7.75
FRIED RICE
Meatless Fried Rice--Small-$7.75--Large-$9.25
Vegetable Fried Rice--Small-$8.25--Large-$9.95
Mushroom Fried Rice-------Small-$8.25--Large-
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Beef Fried Rice-------Small-$8.95--Large-
Shrimp Fried Rice---Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Ham Fried Rice------Small-$8.95--Large-$
Subgum Pork Fried Rice------Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
Subgum Chicken Fried Rice----Small-$8.95--Large-$10.50
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Beef with Pea Pods----------------------$14.25
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*Curry Chicken with Onion---------------$14.25
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Moo Goo Gai Pan---------------------------
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Chicken with Mushrooms---------------------
Chicken with Broccoli---------------------
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SEAFOOD
Shrimp with Lobster Sauce----------------$14.25
Shrimp with Mushrooms-------------------$14.25
Shrimp with Broccoli----------------------
Shrimp with Peapods-----------------------
Shrimp with Vegetables--------------------
*Shrimp with Garlic Sauce------------------$14.25
Baby Shrimp with Cashews-----------------$14.25
*Szechuan Baby Shrimp---------------------$14.25
*Shrimp with Peking Sauce-----------------$14.25
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Mixed Vegetable------------------$10.95
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L
3. Pork or Vegetable Lo Mein, Egg
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7. Shrimp Lo Mein, Egg
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E
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E 5. Chicken Teriyaki, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.50
E 7. Chicken Nugget, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
E 8. Crab Rangoons, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
E 9. Onion Ring, Fried Rice or French Fries $6.95
CHOW
MEIN
OR
CHOP SUEY
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Meatless Chow Mein or Chop Suey
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Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
Chicago Chicken Chow Mein or Chop Suey Small----$9.50----Large----$10.75
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2. Subgum Pork Chow Mein, Egg Roll--$9.95
3. Pork Egg Foo Young, Chicken Wings-$10.95
4. Beef Chop Suey, Chicken Wings-------$10.95
5. Pork with Mushrooms,
Chicken Fingers-----------------------
6.Peppers Steak, with Onion Chicken Wings-$10.95
7. Lobster Sauce, Egg Roll------------------$9.95
8. Sweet & Sour Pork, Chicken Wings-----$10.95
9. Sweet & Sour Chicken, Egg Roll---------$10.95
10. Pork Chow Mein, Chicken Fingers------$9.95
11. Beef Teriyaki, Chicken Fingers----------$10.95
12. Fried Shrimp, Chicken Wings------------$10.95
13. Chicken Chow Mein, Egg Roll------------$9.95
14. Chicken Chow Mein, Chicken Fingers---$9.95
15. Chicken Chow Mein, Fried Shrimp-------$9.95
16. Pork Chop Suey, Beef Teriyaki------------$
17. Shrimp Chop Suey, Egg Roll--------------$10.95
18. Beef with Mushroom, Egg Roll-----------$10.95
19. Moo Goo Gai Pan, Egg Roll---------------$10.95
20.Shrimp w/ Lobster Sauce, Crab Rangoon-$10.95
21. *Szechuan Pork, Chicken Teriyaki-------$10.95
22. *Szechuan Chicken, Egg Roll--------------$10.95
23. *Szechuan Beef, Egg Roll------------------$10.95
24. *Szechuan Shrimp, Crab Rangoon--------$10.95
25.*Pork w/ Peking Sauce, Chicken Teriyaki-$10.95
26.*Chicken w/Peking Sauce, Crab Rangoon-$10.95
27. *Beef with Peking Sauce, Egg Roll--------$10.95
28. *Shrimp with Peking Sauce, Egg Roll----$10.95
29.*Pork with Garlic Sauce, Chicken Fingers-$10.95
30.*Chicken w/ Garlic Sauce, Boneless Ribs-$10.95
31. *Beef w/ Garlic Sauce, Crab Rangoons----$10.95
32.*Shrimp with Garlic Sauce, Egg Roll-------$10.95
33. Chicken with Broccoli, Egg Roll-----------$10.95
34.*General Tso’s Chicken or Sesame Chicken$9.25
(Sesame Chicken is not Hot and Spicy.)
35. Beef with Broccoli, Egg Roll----------------$10.95
36. Crab Rangoons, Chicken Finger-----------$10.95
37. Chicken w/ Cashew Nuts, Crab Rangoons-$10.95
38. *General Tso’s Bean Curd--------------------$9.25
HEALTH FOOD with White Rice
Steamed Mixed Vegetable---------------------
Steamed Chicken w/ Vegetables or Broccoli--$11.95
Steamed Shrimp w/ Vegetables or Broccoli--$12.95
COMBINATION DINNERS
Served all day with Pork Fried Rice
Appetizers (substitution Extra /$1.00)
D1.
Egg Roll, Chicken Wing, Beef
Teriyaki
$12.75
D2. Egg Roll, Chicken Fingers, Beef Teriyaki $12.75
D3. Egg Roll, Boneless Ribs, Chicken Wings $12.75
D4. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Wings, Beef Teriyaki $12.75
D5. Boneless Ribs, Fried Shrimp,
Chicken
Wings $12.75
D6. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Fingers,
Beef
Teriyaki $12.75
D7. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Fingers,
Chicken Wings $12.75
D8. Sweet & Sour Pork, Boneless Ribs,
Egg
Roll
$12.75
D9. Sweet & Sour Chicken, Egg Roll
Chicken
Wings $12.75
D10.
Sesame Chicken, Egg
Roll
D11. *General Tso’s Chicken, Chicken Wings
$
D12. *Orange Chicken, Crab Rangoon
$11.95
D13. Mongolian Chicken, Chicken Fingers
$11.95
D14. Mongolian Beef, Crab Rangoons
D15. Mongolian Beef and Chicken, Egg Roll
$11.95
D16. Chicken with Broccoli, Egg Roll,
Crab
Rangoon $13.25
D17.
Boneless Ribs, Egg Roll, Chicken
Teriyaki
$12.75
D18. Egg Roll, Wings, Chicken Fingers,
Boneless Ribs, Chicken
Teriyaki
$12.75
D19. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Teriyaki
D20. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Wings
D21. Boneless Ribs, Chicken Fingers
D22. Beef with Broccoli, Egg Roll, Chicken
Fingers $13.25
D23. Chicken with Peapods, Egg Roll,
Chicken Fingers
$13.25
D24. Moo Goo Gai Pan, Chicken Teriyaki,
Egg
Roll
$
D25. Pork or Chicken Chow Mein, Egg Roll
Crab
Rangoon $13.25
D26. Chicken or Pork Lo Mein, Crab Rangoon
D27. Shrimp or Beef Lo Mein, Chicken
Finger
$11.95
D28. Pork or Chicken Egg Foo Young,
Egg Roll, Chicken
Finger $13.25
SIDE ORDERS
Duck
Sauce-Small
75 cents-Medium--$1.50-Large-$3.
Sweet and Sour Sauce Small
75 cents-Medium--$1.50-Large-$3.
White Rice—Small $3.75----------------------
Gravy-------------------------
Dry Noodle------------------------
Dumpling Sauce-------------------------------------75 cents